Table 3.

Results of Logistic Regression Relating Parental Violence Characteristics to Substance Use among Adolescents who Witnessed Parental Violence (N = 237)

Predictor	B(SE)	Wald	OR	CI (95%)
Age	0.40 (0.12)	11.52	1.49***	1.18–1.87
Black	−0.79 (0.49)	2.54	0.45	0.17–1.20
Native American	−0.65 (1.17)	0.31	0.52	0.05–5.17
Trauma history	0.10 (0.50)	0.04	1.11	0.41–2.97
Multiple incidents of witnessed parental violence	0.34 (0.47)	0.52	1.40	0.56–3.51
Age at first incident	0.64 (0.55)	1.33	1.89	0.64–5.58
Age at last incident	0.51 (0.47)	0.01	1.05	0.41–2.67
Perpetrator gender	0.27 (0.39)	0.50	1.32	0.61–2.82

Note. Reference groups for predictor variables were as follows: racial/ethnic groups: Caucasian; trauma history: no history of direct trauma; multiple incidents of witnessed violence: one incident of witnessed violence; perpetrator gender: female. OR = odds ratio. CI = confidence interval.

^***p < .001.