Table 3.

Areas of Normalized Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Correlated to Implicit Sequence Learning (p < .005)

Condition	Brain region or Brodmann’s area (BA)	Talairach coordinates X, Y, Z	Voxels	r
Controls
EARLY: Block 2	R precentral gyrus BA 4/6	55, 0, 25	64	−.78
	R cerebellar Lobe VIIIA	35, −40, −48	1,208	−.93
	L cerebellar Vermis VIIIA/B (pyramid)	−10, −62, −37	80	.83
	L cerebellar Crus I	−28, −68, −37	64	.80
MIDDLE: Block 5
LATE: Block 8	R precentral gyrus BA 6	54, −6, 24	80	−.83
	L parahippocampus	−21, −16, −20	152	−.82
	Red nucleus/substantia nigra	0, −20, −4	72	−.80
SWITCH: Block 11	L globus pallidus/putamen	−20, 2, 1	96	.86
	L parahippocampus	−17, −8, −20	832	.90
	Cerebellar Lobe IX	7, −48, −41	128	−.83
Patients
EARLY: Block 2	R globus pallidus	12, −6, −1	56	−.82
MIDDLE: Block 5	R middle frontal gyrus BA 9/46	34, 38, 27	120	.80
	L precentral gyrus BA 6	−55, 0, 8	232	.84
	L cerebellar Crus II	−15, −82, −39	664	−.90
LATE: Block 8	L globus pallidus/putamen	−18, 2, 1	128	−.84
	L precentral gyrus BA 6	−57, −2, 12	72	.80
	L precentral gyrus BA 6	−55, −6, 32	440	.85
	R cerebellar Lobes V/VI	20, −58, −17	408	.83
SWITCH: Block 11	R middle frontal gyrus BA 9/46	36, 36, 24	320	.89
	R precentral gyrus BA 6	57, 1, 16	392	.89
	L parahippocampus	−26, −35, −12	752	−.91
	L cerebellar Lobes V/VI	−27, −50, −22	184	−.90
	L cerebellar dentate	−15, −50, −39	1,264	−.80
	R cerebellar dentate	15, −52, −39	136	−.76

Note. The measure of sequence learning was the trial type difference within Blocks 2, 5, and 8. For Block 11, the learning measure was the response time (RT) for Block 11 minus the RT for sequence trials in Block 10. Learning measures were correlated to normalized positron emission tomography activity per block, respectively. Talaraich coordinates represent the point of highest correlation. R = right; L = left.