Overexpression of Hsp20S16A increased susceptibility to ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion injury. During reperfusion, (A, B) recovery of ±dP/dt was significantly lower in Hsp20S16A hearts compared with non-TGs, (C) LVDP recovery was lower in Hsp20S16A TG hearts compared with non-TGs, (D) the increase of EDP in Hsp20S16A hearts was higher than non-TGs, (non-TGs: n=10, Hsp20S16A: n=8; * : P<0.01, Hsp20S16A vs. non-TG).