Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for predictors of malignancy

Variable	Benign (n= 79)	Malignant (n= 35)	P-value	Sens.	Spec.	PPV	NPV	LR+	LR−
Age mean (SD)	59.1 (13.2)	65 (12.4)	0.02	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Female	68%	57%	0.29	57%	32%	27%	63%	0.83	1.34
Symptoms	83%	94.3%	0.14	94%	25%	36%	91%	1.25	0.24
High CA19-9 (>35 mg/dl)	22%	67%	0.001	67%	78%	64%	80%	3.04	0.42
Head of the pancreas	29%	71%	0.001	71%	71%	52%	85%	2.45	0.41
Size cm Mean (SD)	4.1 (2.9)	5.6 (3.6)	0.04	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Symptoms & high CA19-9	64%	84%	0.0082	64%	84%	82%	61%	4	0.43
Symptoms & head of pancreas	56.9%	83%	0.03	57%	83%	49%	62%	3.35	0.52
High CA19-9 & head of pancreas	28%	70%	<0.001	28%	70%	45%	83%	4.2	1.03

LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.