Figure 1.

Map of Australia showing the location of major cities Brisbane, Sydney, and Melbourne, their population, latitude, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation estimates (23), and melanoma incidence rates age-standardized to Segi's 1960 world population, obtained from population-based cancer registries, Australian Melanoma Family Study, 2001–2005. F, female; M, male; SED, standard erythemal dose; T, total; UVI, UV index; UVR, UV radiation. UVI is a measure of UVR intensity; it is the maximum biologically effective solar UV radiation for the day and is averaged over 10 or 30 minutes (23); 1 SED is equivalent to an erythemally effective radiant exposure of 100 J/m² and is a measure of the cumulative ambient solar UVR (23).