Table 1.

Items of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Anxiety Index (HADS-A) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

Item Number and Text
HADS-A items
(1) I feel tense or “wound up.”
(3) I get a sort of frightened feeling as if something awful is about to happen.
(5) Worrying thoughts go through my mind.
(7) I can sit at ease and feel relaxed. (reverse coded)
(9) I get a sort of frightened feeling like butterflies in the stomach.
(11) I feel restless, as if I have to be on the move.
(13) I get a sudden feeling of panic.
PSS-4 items
(2) Unable to control important things in my life
(6) Felt confident about my ability to handle personal problems (reverse coded)
(7) Felt that things are going my way (reverse coded)
(14) Felt difficulties were piling up so high that I could not overcome them

Note: The original item number is in parentheses.