Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 gp120 and V1V2 sequences. Sequences from brain and spleen tissues are color coded black and gray, respectively. Numbers associated with each branch are bootstrap values, which represent the number of trees, out of 1000 replicates performed, in which the same branching order was found. Only values above 800 for the major branches are shown. Branch lengths are proportional to the amount of sequence divergence. Scale bars indicate 1% sequence divergence. The left panel depicts the phylogenetic relationship among gp120 nucleotide sequences amplified directly from brain and spleen tissues from patient MACS1. The right panel depicts V1V2 amino acid sequences derived from patient MACS1. MACS1 brain and spleen viral isolates obtained by PBMC coculture are shown in italics.3,4