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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Econ Perspect. 2009;23(3):77–92. doi: 10.1257/jep.23.3.77

Table 3.

Upper-Division Grades at the University of Michigan, 1992–2007 (ordered by average grade in 2005–2007)

1992–1994 2005–2007 Inflation (rank)
Biology 3.21 3.03 −0.18 (1)
Statistics 3.18 3.04 −0.15 (2)
Economics 3.03 3.06 0.02 (7)
Mathematics 2.99 3.18 0.19 (20)
Geology 3.09 3.26 0.17 (16)
Philosophy 3.18 3.27 0.09 (11)
Chemistry 3.10 3.28 0.18 (17)
Physics 3.26 3.28 0.02 (6)
Afroamerican and African studies 3.25 3.30 0.06 (8)
Sociology 3.32 3.33 0.00 (5)
History 3.24 3.37 0.14 (14)
Communications 3.35 3.40 0.06 (9)
Political science 3.20 3.40 0.20 (21)
English 3.25 3.43 0.18 (19)
Astronomy 3.46 3.44 −0.02 (3)
Linguistics 3.41 3.47 0.06 (10)
Anthropology 3.32 3.50 0.18 (18)
History of art 3.22 3.53 0.31 (24)
American culture 3.38 3.53 0.16 (15)
Psychology 3.30 3.55 0.25 (23)
Women’s studies 3.49 3.58 0.10 (12)
German 3.49 3.61 0.12 (13)
French 3.40 3.63 0.23 (22)
Spanish 3.31 3.63 0.32 (25)
Comparative literature 3.67 3.67 −0.01 (4)
Median grade for the period 3.24 3.40