. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 4.

Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;18(1):113–124. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2009-1135

Table 2.

Pharmacokinetic parameters from single GSE dose as influenced by dose level and pretreatment with repeated dosing (RD).⁴,⁵,⁶

		Parameter

	GSE Dose⁵ (mg/kg body wt)	AUC_(0-8h) (ng/mL*h)	C_max (ng/mL)	T_max (h)
GA	50	512.7 ± 89.3 ^a	309.8 ± 102.6 ^a	0.9 ± 0.1
	100	673.1 ± 54.5 ^a	239.6 ± 39.2 ^a	1.3 ± 0.2
	150	707.2 ± 95.9 ^a	323.4 ± 76.9 ^a	0.9 ± 0.2
	150 RD	2111.9 ± 406.5 *	968.4 ± 211.9 *	0.9±0.1

C	50	398.5 ± 80.5 ^a	207.5 ± 34.8 ^a	1.7 ± 0.7
	100	606.1 ± 64.6 ^a	289.9 ± 37.2 ^a	1.8 ± 0.2
	150	1168.2 ± 143.6 ^b	442.4 ± 49.1 ^b	1.1 ± 0.2
	150 RD	4131.5 ± 703.1 *	1983.1 ± 417.6 *	1.0 ± 0.0

EC	50	682.7 ± 98.7 ^a	318.8 ± 41.1 ^a	1.0 ± 0.1
	100	1197.9 ± 136.4 ^a	552.1 ± 80.9 ^b	1.5 ± 0.2
	150	2186.9 ± 274.9 ^b	783.4 ± 90.4 ^c	1.2 ± 0.2
	150 RD	8364.9 ± 1631.9 *	3859.7 ± 859.9*	1.1±0.1

4-OMeGA	50	92.3 ± 12.6 ^a	49.5 ± 5.9 ^a	0.9 ± 0.1
	100	148.0 ± 16.0 ^a,b	68.4 ± 6.0 ^a	0.8 ± 0.1
	150	162.4 ± 28.8 ^b	73.7 ± 16.1 ^b	0.9 ± 0.2
	150 RD	805.0 ± 171.0 *	379.0 ± 102.5 *	1.1 ± 0.1

3′-OMeC	50	44.1 ± 4.9 ^a	22.7 ± 3.5 ^a	1.0 ± 0.0
	100	184.8 ± 45.3 ^a	75.5 ± 14.0 ^b	1.4 ± 0.2
	150	465.1 ± 45.1 ^b	129.3 ± 13.2 ^c	1.3 ± 0.2
	150 RD	1133.7 ± 261.4 *	510.5 ± 131.4 *	1.1 ± 0.1

3′OMeEC	50	60.5 ± 4.1 ^a	36.8 ± 5.8 ^a	1.0 ± 0.0
	100	266.6 ± 61.4 ^b	105.9 ± 22.0 ^a	1.5 ± 0.2
	150	639.5 ± 67.0 ^c	167.7 ± 19.6 ^a	1.3 ± 0.2
	150 RD	1977.8 ± 514.5 *	815.5 ± 235.5 *	1.8 ± 0.2

⁴

Abbreviations: AUC_(0-8h) = Plasma Area Under the Curve; C_max = maximum plasma concentration; and T_max = time of maximum plasma concentration

⁵

All GSE doses were administered as a single intragastric gavage. For 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg BW groups acute treatment was single and only exposure to GSE. For 150 RD group animals were pretreated with a repeated daily dose of GSE is dose escalation from 50 to150 mg/kg BW as described in Materials and Methods. Pharmacokinetic parameters were then assessed from an acute gavage of 150 mg/kg BW after dose escalation treatment.

⁶

Presence of different letter indicates a significant difference between single dose treatments (P <0.05). Presence of an asterisk (*) next to value indicates a significant difference (P < 0.05) between 150 and 150 RD treatments. No significant differences were observed in T_max.