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. 2009 Sep 30;11(3):e40. doi: 10.2196/jmir.1270

Table 3.

Study and sample characteristicsa

Study (Samplec) Variable Total
n = 28
(n = 34)c
Single Component
n = 16
(n = 17)c
Multi-Component
n = 12
(n = 17)c
Source of study
   Journal article 24 (87.5) 14 (87.5) 10 (83.3)
   Thesis 4 (14.3) 2 (12.5) 2 (16.7)
Country of senior author
   United States 23 (81.2) 13 (81.3) 10 (83.3)
   Europe 4 (14.3) 2 (12.6) 2 (16.7)
   Australia 1 (3.6) 1 (6.3) -
Level of evidence
   Randomized controlled trial 10 (35.7) 3 (18.8) 7 (58.3)
   Controlled trial 2 (7.1) 1 (6.3) 1 (8.3)
   Historic control 1 (3.6) - 1 (8.3)
   Pre-post 9 (32.1) 7 (43.8) 2 (16.7)
   Pre-post + single case randomization 1 (3.6) - 1 (8.3)
   Cross-sectional 4 (14.3) 4 (25.0) -
   Case series 1 (3.6) 1 (6.3) -
ISG format
   Bulletin Board 9 (32.1) 4 (25.0) 5 (41.7)
   Chatroom 5 (17.9) 5 (31.3) -
   Mailing list/newsgroup 2 (7.1) 1 (6.3) 1 (8.3)
   Instant Messaging 2 (7.1) 1 (6.3) 1 (8.3)
   Combination 6 (25.0) 3 (18.9) 3 (25.0)
   Mailing list or bulletin board 2 (7.2) 2 (12.5) -
   Unclear 2 (7.2) - 2 (16.6)
ISG origin
   Public, accessible 9 (32.1) 9 (56.3) 0 (0)
   Closed, research ISG 17 (60.7) 7 (43.8) 10 (83.3)
   Restricted access hospital 2 (7.1) - 2 (16.7)
Moderation status
   Moderated 14 (50) 6 (37.5) 8 (66.7)
   Some moderated 1 (3.6) 1 (56.3) -
   Not specified 13 (46.4) 9 (6.3) 4 (33.3)
Type of moderation (n = 15) (n = 7) (n = 8)
   Health professional 11 (73.3) 5 (71.4) 6 (75)
   Don’t know 4 (26.7) 3 (28.6) 2 (25)
Median duration intervention (n = 29)b 16 wks
(n = 23)
15.5 wks
(n = 10)
17 wks
(n = 13)
Median longest follow-up (n = 29)b
(from intervention commencement)
22 wks
(n = 22)
26 wks
(n = 12)
18.5 wks
(n = 10)
Condition (n = 34)c
   Cancer 7 (20.6) 5 (29.4) 2 (11.8)
   No disorder 7 (20.6) 7 (41.2) -
   Diabetes 2 (5.9) 1 (5.9) 1 (5.9)
   Carers 4 (11.8) - 4 (23.5)
   Chronic illness 2 (5.9) - 2 (11.8)
   Neurological 2 (5.9) - 2 (11.8)
   Depression 2 (5.9) 2 (11.8) -
   Other mental disorder 2 (5.9) 1 (5.9) 1 (5.9)
   Cardiovascular 1 (2.9) 1 (5.9) 1 (5.9)
   Renal 1 (2.9) 1 (5.9) -
   HIV/AIDS 2 (5.9) - 2 (11.8)
   IVF 2 (5.9) - 2 (11.8)
Participant mean/median age (n = 34)c
   11 to 17 yrs 3 (8.8) 2 (11.8) 1 (5.9)
   18 to 25 yrs 4 (11.8) 3 (17.6) 1 (5.9)
   26 to 40 yrs 5 (14.7) 2 (11.8) 3 (17.6)
   41 to 65 yrs 11 (32.4) 4 (23.5) 7 (41.2)
   Not certain 11 (32.4) 6 (35.3) 5 (29.4)
Gender (n = 34)c
   > 70% women 16 (47.1) 9 (56.3) 7 (46.7)
   > 70% men 4 (11.8) - 4 (25.0)
   Neither gender > 70% 11 (32.4) 7 (43.8) 4 (50)
   Don’t know 3 (8.8) 1 (6.3) 2 (11.8)
Rural (n = 34)c
   > 50% rural 1 (2.9) 0 (0) 1 (5.9)

a Values are no. (%) unless otherwise specified.

b Multiple samples receiving different intervention durations treated separately (one study: [24])

c Multiple samples treated separately (six studies: [21,24-28])