Table 4.

Economic aspects of interventions against chronic diseases

Source	Method used	Key findings
Levy et al. (2006)	Modelling	The effect of a combination of policies (100% tobacco tax increase; comprehensive worksite and restaurant smoking bans with enforcement and publicity; a high-intensity media campaign; higher enforcement and publicity of the total ban on cigarette advertisements and strong health warnings; and strict youth access controls) would result in a reduction in smoking of about 29.6% in males and 22.4% in females in the immediate future
Asaria et al. (2007)	Modelling	Reducing salt intake and implementing 4 key elements of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control would reduce 40–80 deaths per 100,000 populations older than 30 years. The cost of the two approaches separately and combined would be $0.04, $0.11 and $0.16 per person per year, respectively
Lim et al. (2007)	Modelling	Treatment of high-risk individuals with aspirin, blood pressure-lowering drugs and cholesterol-lowering drugs would be estimated to avert 266,000 deaths over the period 2006–2015. The average cost per treated individual per year would be $0.60