Table 3.

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of plant height, LMR (leaf mass ratio), LAR (leaf area ratio), Φ_d (PPFD), Φ_area (PPFD per leaf area per day) and E_a (crown efficiency index), SLA (specific leaf area) as dependent variables with either plant above-ground mass, height, diameter or Φ_area as covariates and species as discrete factor

Dependent	Covariate	F values	Slope effect, P	Intercept effect, P
Height	Mass	F9,140=3·21	0·001	n.a.
Height	Diameter	F9,123=1·45	n.s.	<0·001
LMR	Height	F9,140=0·76	n.s.	<0·001
LAR	Height	F9,140=1·30	n.s.	<0·001
Φd	Mass	F9,147=1·70	n.s.	<0·001
Φarea	Height	F9,147=3·18	0·02	n.a.
Ea	Height	F9,143=5·79	<0·001	n.a.
SLA	Φarea	F9,147=2·91	0·03	n.a.

P<0·05 values are shown; n.a., not applicable; n.s., not significant.