Table 5.
Selected Neonatal Outcomes According to Treatment Group.*
| Outcome | Magnesium Sulfate (N = 1174) | Placebo (N = 1244) | Relative Risk (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight — g | 1410±567 | 1424±577 | |
| 5-Minute Apgar score <7 — no./total no. (%) | 212/1171 (18.1) | 229/1240 (18.5) | 0.96 (0.81–1.15) |
| Resuscitation in the delivery room — no./total no. (%)† | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | ||
| None | 194/1172 (16.6) | 197/1244 (15.8) | |
| Oxygen bag, mask, or both | 524/1172 (44.7) | 520/1244 (41.8) | |
| Intubation | 412/1172 (35.2) | 487/1244 (39.1) | |
| Chest compressions | 42/1172 (3.6) | 40/1244 (3.2) | |
| Hypotension treated with vasopressors — no./total no. (%) | 248/1171 (21.2) | 265/1244 (21.3) | 1.00 (0.85–1.17) |
| Generalized hypotonicity — no./total no. (%) | 85/1171 (7.3) | 88/1244 (7.1) | 1.00 (0.75–1.35) |
| Culture-proven sepsis — no./total no. (%) | 200/1171 (17.1) | 220/1244 (17.7) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis — no./total no. (%) | 116/1171 (9.9) | 94/1244 (7.6) | 1.27 (0.97–1.66) |
| Retinopathy of prematurity — no./total no. (%) | 263/1171 (22.5) | 283/1244 (22.7) | 0.98 (0.84–1.15) |
| Respiratory distress syndrome — no./total no. (%) | 585/1171 (50.0) | 656/1244 (52.7) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) |
| Mechanical ventilation — no./total no. (%) | 613/1171 (52.3) | 709/1244 (57.0) | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia — no./total no. (%) | 213/1171 (18.2) | 218/1244 (17.5) | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) |
| Patent ductus arteriosus — no./total no. (%) | 151/1171 (12.9) | 173/1244 (13.9) | 0.95 (0.77–1.18) |
| Seizures — no./total no. (%) | 23/1171 (2.0) | 29/1244 (2.3) | 0.79 (0.45–1.38) |
| Findings on cranial ultrasonography — no./total no. (%) | |||
| Any intraventricular hemorrhage | 218/1112 (19.6) | 252/1184 (21.3) | 0.91 (0.78–1.08) |
| Grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage | 23/1112 (2.1) | 38/1184 (3.2) | 0.64 (0.38–1.06) |
| Periventricular leukomalacia | 21/1112 (1.9) | 27/1184 (2.3) | 0.83 (0.47–1.45) |
| Major congenital anomaly — no./total no. (%) | 47/1112 (4.0) | 33/1184 (2.7) | 1.51 (0.97–2.33) |
*
Plus–minus values are means ±SD. Except for intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia (which were diagnosed centrally by three independent pediatric radiologists), data on complications are based on clinical diagnoses in the medical record.
†
The relative risk is given for a composite of intubation or chest compressions.