Table 2.
Multivariate HRs and CIs for red, white, and processed meat intake and total and cause specific mortality in men in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
| Men | Red meat quintiles1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | P for trend | |
| All Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 6437 | 7835 | 9366 | 10988 | 13350 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.07 (1.03-1.10) | 1.17 (1.13-1.21) | 1.27 (1.23-1.31) | 1.48 (1.43-1.52) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.06 (1.03-1.10) | 1.14 (1.10-1.18) | 1.21 (1.17-1.25) | 1.31 (1.27-1.35) | P<.0001 |
| Cancer Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 2136 | 2701 | 3309 | 3839 | 4448 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.10 (1.04-1.17) | 1.23 (1.16-1.29) | 1.31 (1.24-1.39) | 1.44 (1.37-1.52) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.99-1.11) | 1.13 (1.07-1.20) | 1.18 (1.12-1.25) | 1.22 (1.16-1.29) | P<.00010 |
| CVD Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 1997 | 2304 | 2703 | 3256 | 3961 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.96-1.08) | 1.10 (1.04-1.17) | 1.24 (1.17-1.31) | 1.44 (1.37-1.52) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.96-1.09) | 1.08 (1.02-1.15) | 1.18 (1.12-1.26) | 1.27 (1.20-1.35) | P<.0001 |
| Accidental deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 184 | 216 | 228 | 280 | 343 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.84-1.24) | 0.97 (0.80-1.18) | 1.09 (0.90-1.31) | 1.24 (1.03-1.49) | P=0.01 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.86-1.29) | 1.01 (0.83-1.24) | 1.14 (0.94-1.39) | 1.26 (1.04-1.54) | P=0.008 |
| All other deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 1268 | 1636 | 1971 | 2239 | 2962 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.13 (1.05-1.22) | 1.25 (1.17-1.35) | 1.33 (1.24-1.42) | 1.68 (1.57-1.80) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.17 (1.09-1.26) | 1.28 (1.19-1.38) | 1.34 (1.25-1.44) | 1.58 (1.47-1.70) | P<.0001 |
| Men | White meat quintiles2 | |||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | P for trend | |
| All Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 12521 | 10442 | 9359 | 8444 | 7210 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.81-0.85) | 0.77 (0.75-0.79) | 0.74 (0.72-0.76) | 0.74 (0.72-0.76) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.90-0.95) | 0.90 (0.88-0.93) | 0.90 (0.88-0.93) | 0.92 (0.89-0.94) | P<.0001 |
| Cancer Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 4424 | 3647 | 3203 | 2830 | 2329 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.79-0.86) | 0.74 (0.71-0.78) | 0.71 (0.67-0.74) | 0.68 (0.65-0.72) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.87-0.95) | 0.87 (0.83-0.91) | 0.85 (0.81-0.90) | 0.84 (0.80-0.88) | P<.0001 |
| CVD Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 3521 | 3015 | 2771 | 2578 | 2336 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.81-0.89) | 0.81 (0.77-0.85) | 0.81 (0.77-0.85) | 0.86 (0.81-0.90) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.91-1.00) | 0.96 (0.91-1.01) | 0.99 (0.94-1.04) | 1.05 (1.00-1.11) | P=0.009 |
| Accidental deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 333 | 266 | 249 | 219 | 184 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.69-0.95) | 0.78 (0.66-0.93) | 0.73 (0.62-0.87) | 0.71 (0.59-0.85) | P=0.0003 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.76-1.05) | 0.90 (0.76-1.06) | 0.86 (0.72-1.03) | 0.85 (0.70-1.02) | P=0.11 |
| All other deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 2775 | 2206 | 1948 | 1722 | 1425 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.79 (0.75-0.83) | 0.72 (0.68-0.76) | 0.68 (0.64-0.73) | 0.67 (0.63-0.72) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.85-0.95) | 0.88 (0.83-0.93) | 0.86 (0.81-0.92) | 0.86 (0.80-0.92) | P<.0001 |
| Men | Processed meat quintiles3 | |||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | P for trend | |
| Deaths | 6235 | 7738 | 9435 | 11249 | 13319 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.04 (1.01-1.08) | 1.13 (1.09-1.16) | 1.20 (1.16-1.24) | 1.30 (1.26-1.34) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | 1.07 (1.04-1.11) | 1.12 (1.08-1.16) | 1.16 (1.12-1.20) | P<.0001 |
| Cancer Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 2032 | 2784 | 3334 | 3906 | 4377 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.15 (1.08-1.22) | 1.22 (1.15-1.29) | 1.28 (1.21-1.35) | 1.32 (1.25-1.39) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.07 (1.01-1.14) | 1.11 (1.05-1.17) | 1.14 (1.07-1.20) | 1.12 (1.06-1.19) | P=0.001 |
| CVD Mortality | ||||||
| Deaths | 1977 | 2225 | 2752 | 3255 | 4012 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.88-1.00) | 1.02 (0.96-1.09) | 1.08 (1.02-1.14) | 1.22 (1.15-1.29) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.87-0.98) | 0.99 (0.93-1.05) | 1.02 (0.96-1.08) | 1.09 (1.03-1.15) | P=0.0001 |
| Accidental deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 190 | 201 | 257 | 273 | 330 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.72-1.07) | 0.98 (0.81-1.19) | 0.93 (0.77-1.13) | 1.04 (0.86-1.25) | P=0.24 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.72-1.08) | 0.99 (0.81-1.20) | 0.93 (0.76-1.13) | 1.00 (0.83-1.21) | P=0.48 |
| All other deaths | ||||||
| Deaths | 1259 | 1548 | 1896 | 2430 | 2943 | |
| Basic model4 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.97-1.13) | 1.15 (1.07-1.23) | 1.31 (1.22-1.41) | 1.46 (1.36-1.56) | P<.0001 |
| Adjusted model5 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.97-1.13) | 1.14 (1.06-1.23) | 1.28 (1.19-1.38) | 1.33 (1.24-1.43) | P<.0001 |
Total and cause specific mortality in men (n=322,263 deaths) among cohort of 545,653 in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Median red meat based on men and women (g/1000 kcal): 1st quintile 9.8; 2nd quintile 21.4; 3rd quintile 31.3; 4th quintile 42.8; 5th quintile 62.5.
Median white meat based on men and women (g/1000 kcal):1st quintile 9.5; 2nd quintile 18.4; 3rd quintile 27.4; 4th quintile 39.4; 5th quintile 64.6.
Median processed meat based on men and women (g/1000 kcal):1st quintile 1.6; 2nd quintile 4.4; 3rd quintile 7.4; 4th quintile 12.2; 5th quintile 22.6.
Basic model: age (continuous); race (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic/Asian/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaskan native or unknown); total energy intake (continuous).
Adjusted model: Basic model plus education (less than 8 years or unknown, 8 to 11 years, 12 years (high school), some college, college graduate); marital status (married: yes/no); family history of cancer (yes/no) (cancer mortality only); body mass index (18.5-<25, 25-<30, 30-<35, ≥35 kg/m2); 31-level smoking history using smoking status (never, former, current), time since quitting for former smokers, and smoking dose, frequency of vigorous physical activity (never/rarely, 1-3 times/month, 1-2 times/week, 3-4 times/week, 5 or more times/week); alcohol intake (none, 0-<5, 5-<15, 15-<30, ≥30 servings/1000 kcal), vitamin supplement user (one or more supplement per month); fruit consumption (0 -< 0.7, 0.7-< 1.2, 1.2-< 1.7, 1.7-< 2.5, ≥2.5 servings/1000 kcal); vegetable consumption (0-<1.3, 1.3-< 1.8, 1.8-< 2.2, 2.2-<3.0, ≥3.0 serving/1000 kcal).