Table 2.
Classification of the flower characteristics in the survey: trait number, abbreviation of species features used in the Appendix and the unification of features for statistical analysis
| Number | Traits | Feature (Abbreviation) | Unified features |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Type | E, endemic; I, indigenous | |
| 2 | RDB category1 | Ex, extinct; C, threatened (critically endangered); E, threatened (endangered); V, threatened (vulnerable); L, low risk (near threatened); D, data deficient | |
| 3 | Population on islands | A, abundant; C, common; Rw, rare and wide distribution; Rn, rare and narrow distribution | |
| 4 | Life form | T, tree; S, shrub; P, perennial herb; A, annual; V, vine | W (wood, T + S + V); H (herb, A + P + V) |
| 5 | Sex | H, hermaphrodite; Mo, monoecy; D, dioecy; Am, andromonoecy; Gm, gynomonoecy; Mix, mixed | M (monoecy, Mo + Am + Gm + Mix); H (H); D (D) |
| 6 | Flower habit | S, canopy surface; U, forest understory; O, open space; H, hydrophyte | S (S); U (U); O (O + H) |
| 7 | Flower shape | Be, bell; Br, brush; D, dish; Fi, fig; Fu, funnel; I, inconspicuous (with no optical attraction); T, tube; Z, zygomorphic | I (Br + Fi + I); D (D); T (Be + Fu + T); Z (Z) |
| 8 | Flower color | Bl, blue; Bk, black; Br, brown; G, green; P, pink; R, red; V, violet; W, white; Y, yellow*; calyx, stamen, stigma, bract, inflorescence; no mark, corolla | S (subdued; Bk + Br + G); V (vivid, Bl + P + R + V); W (W); Y (Y) |
| 9 | Flower longevity | S, short (<2 d); M, medium (2–4 d); L, long (4–6 d); Vl: very long (>6 d); –, no available information; no mark, observed data (average) | |
| 10 | Flower size | Vs, very small (<5 mm in diameter); S, small (5–10 mm); M, medium (10–30 mm); L, large (>30 mm) | L (L); S (M + S); Vs (Vs) |
| 11 | Flowers/inflorescence | 1, 1–10; 10, 11–100; 100, 101–1000; 1000, more than 1001 | 1 (1); 10 (10); 100 (100 + 1000) |
| 12 | Inflorescences/plant | 1, 1–10; 10, 11–100; 100, 101–1000; 1000, 1001–10000; 10000, more than 10001 | |
| 13 | Pollination | A, anemophily; H, hydrophily; I, insect; V, vertebrate; *, specialist | A (abiotic; A + H); B (biotic; I + V) |
| 14 | Observed visitors | Hb, honeybees; Xb, Xylocopa bees; Eb, endemic small bees; Be, other bees; F, flies; Bt, beetles; Bu, butterflies; Bi, birds; M, moths; A, ants; T, thrips; -, observed but no visitors; ( ), night |
1 RDB = Red Data Book (Environmental Agency of Japan, 2000).
* From literature only.