Table 2.

The effect of second language vocabulary knowledge on reading activation (excluding irregular words)

a) In left pars orbitalis (whole-brain analysis)	Over groups			British group			Italian group
	x, y, z	Z	V001	x, y, z	Z	V001	x, y, z	Z	V05
First language reading: all	−48, 38, −12	4.4	163	−48, 38, −14	4.8	65	−44, 32, −10	2.8	155
	−48, 38, −10	3.7	21	−48, 38, −12	4.2	25	N/A	N/A	N/A
First > second language	−46, 40, −14	4.2	153	−46, 40, −16	4.6	97	−50, 40, −6	3.8	126
	−48, 38, −10	3.3	8	−48, 38, −12	3.4	15	−50, 30, −6	2.5	32
First language> pseudowords	−46, 40, −14	5.3	114	−48, 38, −14	5.6	89	−40, 34, −8	2.9	127
	−46, 38, −12	4.0	41	−48, 38, −12	4.4	32	N/A	N/A	N/A
First language > all	−46, 40, −14	5.0	295	−46, 40, −14	5.3	130	−50, 40, −8	3.7	165
	−48, 38, −12	4.2	45	−48, 38, −12	3.9	20	N/A	N/A	N/A
b) In dorsal premotor cortex (ROI = −56 0 40)	Over groups			British group			Italian group
	x, y, z	Z	V05	x, y, z	Z	V05	x, y, z	Z	V05
All reading	−56, 0, 40	3.1	69	−54, 4, 38	3.1	412	−56, −2, 40	2.5	29
	−54, 2, 40	3.0	102	−54, 4, 38	3.2	119	N/A	N/A	N/A
First language reading	−52, 2, 44	2.9	110	−52, 2, 44	2.6	411	−58, −2, 40	2.2	12
	−56, 0, 42	2.2	31	−54, 4, 38	2.0		N/A	N/A	N/A
Second language reading	−56, 0, 40	3.1	111	−54, 4, 38	3.1	178	−54, −2, 40	2.5	40
	−54, 4, 38	3.0	188	N/A	N/A		−56, −2, 40	2.1	31
Pseudoword reading	−56, 0, 40	3.1	72	−56, 2, 38	3.0	36	−56, 2, 38	2.3	70

Note: (a) In left pars orbitalis from the whole-brain analysis and (b) in left dorsal premotor cortex from the region of interest analysis (within 6 mm of co-ordinates [x = −56, y = 0, z = 40] from Mechelli et al., 2005). V⁰⁰¹ = Number of voxels at P < 0.001 uncorrected. V⁰⁵ = Number of voxels at P < 0.05 uncorrected. Z scores greater than 3.0 are significant at P < 0.001; Z scores greater than 1.64 are significant at P < 0.05. Z scores and voxel counts in bold are those that were significant after correction for multiple comparisons across the whole brain for height (Z > 4.8) or extent (>90 voxels at P < 0.001).