FIGURE 7.

Schematic of overall pathways of IL-8 activation by CGN in NCM460 cells. Carrageenan activates two major pathways of IL-8 activation: the TLR4-BCL10 pathway and the ROS-Hsp27 mediated pathway. These converge at the level of the IKK signalosome, in which effects on IKKα, -β, and -γ are integrated. Subsequently, in the NCM460 cells, members of the NF-κB family are activated, including p65 (RelA), p50, p100, p52, and RelB. The activation of phospho-NIK was repressed by BCL10 silencing. IRAK, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase; ubc, ubiquitin c; p, phosphorylated.