The cathepsin B inhibitor CA074 prevents cell death induced by anthrax lethal toxin in RAW 264.7 macrophages. A, RAW264.7 murine macrophages were treated with different kinds of cathepsin inhibitors (cathepsin G inhibitor (CTSGi; 100 μm), cathepsin K inhibitor (CTSKi;100 μm), cathepsin B inhibitor (CA074-Me; 100 μm), and proteasome inhibitor (MG132; 10 μm) for 1 h and then treated with LeTx (250 ng/ml LF and 500 ng/ml PA) in the presence of the inhibitors for 5 h. MTT was added 2 h before the end of the experiment for cell death determination. Data are expressed as the mean ± S.D. (n = 3). B, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of CA074-Me and then treated with LeTx (250 ng/ml LF and 500 ng/ml PA) for 5 h. Cell death assays were performed as above in A. Data are expressed as the mean ± S.D. (n = 4).