The effect of topical glutamine infusion on pinch-evoked responses in Vc WDR neurons. A, A typical PSTH of pinch-evoked responses of a Vc WDR neuron following a series of intrathecal vehicle (isotonic saline), FA, vehicle (isotonic saline) after FA, and glutamine administrations. B, Mean peak firings of pinch-evoked responses of Vc WDR neurons following intrathecal vehicle (isotonic saline), FA, vehicle (isotonic saline) after FA, or glutamine administration. FA (60 min), 60 min after intrathecal FA administration; GLN, glutamine. Bars in A indicate the duration of the stimulus. *p < 0.05.