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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychology. 2009 Sep;23(5):551–562. doi: 10.1037/a0016277

Table 6.

Mean effect sizes for neuropsychological measures in patients with bipolar illness in a depressed phase as compared to healthy controls. Measures are organized by neurocognitive domain.

Measure K N
(patient/control)
d 95% CI Z p Qw p Nfs
Attention
Trails A 3 69/89 .80 .46/1.13 4.64 <.0001 6.73 .04 9
Verbal
Memory
R/CVLT
Total
4 81/109 1.20 .88/1.53 7.23 <.0001 5.85 .12 20
Language
FAS 5 96/124 .93 .65/1.22 6.47 <.0001 1.77 .78 18
Executive-
Functioning
Trails B 3 69/89 .64 .3/.97 3.77 .0002 4.27 .19 7

Note: CVLT=California Verbal Learning Test, FAS=Controlled Oral Word Association Test, RAVLT=Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. k, number of studies; N, number of participants; ES, weighted effect-size between-groups; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; Z significance statistic between the groups, Qw within-group homogeneity statistic, Nfs, indicates the number of null findings that would need to be found to reduce the mean effect size to .20.