TABLE 3.

Fully Adjusted Regression of 2002 BMI z Scores on 1997 and 2002 Television Viewing Among Children Aged 7–13 Years in 1997: Panel Survey of Income Dynamics

	Model 1,a b (95% CI)	Model 2,b b (95% CI)	Model 3,c b (95% CI)	Model 4,d b (95% CI)
Child's BMI z score in 1997		0.45**(0.38, 0.51)	0.45**(0.38, 0.51)	0.44**(0.38, 0.51)
Television viewing in 1997, h/d
Commercial	−0.02 (−0.10, 0.06)	−0.03 (−0.10, 0.04)	−0.03 (−0.10, 0.04)	−0.03 (−0.10, 0.04)
Noncommercial	−0.08 (−0.22, 0.05)	−0.02 (−0.12, 0.09)	−0.01 (−0.11, 0.10)	−0.02 (−0.12, 0.08)
Television viewing in 2002, h/d
Commercial	0.06*(0.00, 0.12)	0.06**(0.01, 0.12)	0.06**(0.01, 0.12)	0.06**(0.00, 0.12)
Noncommercial	0.04 (−0.08, 0.16)	0.09 (−0.03, 0.21)	0.09 (−0.03, 0.21)	0.09 (−0.03, 0.21)
Physical activity in 1997, min/d
None (Ref)
1–30			−0.19 (−0.44, 0.06)
> 30			0.00 (−0.20, 0.20)
Physical activity in 2002, min/d
None (Ref)
1–30			−0.18 (−0.47, 0.10)
> 30			−0.09 (−0.25, 0.06)
Eating in front of the television in 2002				0.04 (−0.02, 0.10)
Adjusted R2	0.10	0.37	0.37	0.37

Note. BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval. Regressions were also adjusted for child's gender, age, race, ethnicity, mother's education level, and mother's BMI. Sampling weights were applied to produce population-level inferences. The sampling variance was estimated by the Huber–White method to reflect common variance among siblings.

^aBase model, n = 915.

^bModel 1 with baseline BMI controlled, n = 836.

^cModel 2 plus physical activity mediators, n = 836.

^dModel 2 plus eating while viewing mediator; n = 835.

^*P < .10;

^**P < .05.