Table 4.

Path Weights, Standard Errors, and t Values for Path Models Examining the Relationship Between Prosody Variables (N = 92)

Model/Path	Weight	SE	t
Independence
F0 match 1 → F0 match 2	0.39	0.098	3.98**
Pausal intrusion 1 → Pausal intrusion 2	0.81	0.062	13.06**
Skill development
F0 match 1 → F0 match 2	0.28	0.101	2.76**
Pausal intrusion 1 → Pausal intrusion 2	0.81	0.062	13.06**
Pausal intrusion 1 → F0 match 2	−0.27	0.101	−2.66**
Cross-lagged effect
F0 match 1 → F0 match 2	0.28	0.101	2.76**
Pausal intrusion 1 → Pausal intrusion 2	0.84	0.067	12.49**
Pausal intrusion 1 → F0 match 2	−0.27	0.101	−2.66**
F0 match 1 → Pausal intrusion 2	0.07	0.067	1.04

Note. The number after the variable name corresponds to the time point at which the measurement was taken (1 = spring of first grade, 2 = spring of second grade). F₀ match = Child–adult pitch (F₀) contour match; Pausal intrusion = total number of intrasentential pauses recorded during oral reading.

^*p < .05, critical value = 1.96.

^**p < .01, critical value = 2.58.