Table 1.
Summary of recent glycosylation PTMs in breast cancer studies.
| Cancer glycan | Targets | Methods | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sialyl Lewis a (sLea) | E-cadherin, CatD | IHC | 45,123 |
| Sialyl Lewis x (sLex) | Serum protein | IHC | 42–47 |
| C2GnT1 | MS | ||
| Mucin glcNac beta1–6 galNac alpha core | |||
| Sialyl Tn (sTn) | St6GalNac-I sialyltransferase | IHC, FACS, MS | 48–53 |
| Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) | Muc1 secretory/shed | MS | 29,54–59 |
| Serum proteins | IHC | ||
| Lewis y (Ley) | Not known | IHC | 60–62 |
| Globo H | Fucosyl transferase 1,2 | Microarray | 30,63–66 |
| Polysialic acid | Alpha 2,8-polysialylated glycoprotein | IHC | 124 |
| Fucosyl GM1 | Blood group-related antigens | IHC | 125 |
| GM2 | Malignancy tissue | IHC | 28 |
Abbreviations: MS, mass spectroscopy; IHC, immunohistochemistry; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine; GM, genetically modified sugar; CatD, Cathepsin D.