Figure 1.

(A) The micro-array data obtained for the Tβ4 expression in CD138⁺ sorted BM plasma cells from healthy donors and MM patients. These results were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. MGUS: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, MM multiple MM, SD: Salmon and Durie Stage. (B) The event free survival of Tβ4^high and Tβ4^low patients. Patients with Tβ4^low MM had statistically significantly decreased event free survivals compared to patients with Tβ4^high MM (P<0.001), while also their overall survival tended to be shorter. (C) The differently expressed genes between Tβ4^high and Tβ4^low patient groups. After identification of the gene, these were grouped into similar biological function. A complete list of the genes can be found in Online Supplementary Table S2. (D) A similar gene expression pattern was observed in the murine 5TMM models where Tβ4 mRNA expression in 5T33MM and 5T2MM invaded BM was lowered compared to normal BM cells.