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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 13.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Biol. 2005 Feb 8;15(3):194–206. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.01.035

Figure 7. Trainer-Specific Learning Requires Intact cAMP Signaling Pathways.

Figure 7

Males of the indicated genotypes were trained for 1 hr and tested at varyious times after training. The training condition is indicated above each panel, and the tester type is indicated below each panel (mV, mature virgin; iV, immature virgin; -d, decapitated). Data are presented as means ± SEM.

(A) dnc1 males were trained and tested for memory immediately after training. These males failed to form trainer-specific memory and suppressed courtship of a mature virgin tester equally regardless of training condition (p > 0.05).

(B) amn28A males were trained and tested for memory immediately after training. They were able to form trainer-specific memory with either a mature virgin trainer (***p < 0.001, for comparison to the null hypothesis) or a pheromone filter and immature-virgin courtship object (**p < 0.05, for comparison to the null hypothesis).

(C) amn28A males failed to maintain memory. Memory retention [(1 − CItest/mCIsham)/m(1 − CItest/mCIsham at t = 0)] is plotted against time after training. Mutant male memory decayed to zero by 1.5 hr, whereas wild-type memory was robust out to 2.5 hr (***p < 0.001 for comparison between wild-type and amn28A).