Number of lever presses emitted by animals in the disconnection experiment. a, Only animals injected with CGS 21680 into the nucleus accumbens (Nac) and muscimol into the contralateral VP showed decreased lever pressing. *p < 0.05, significantly different from vehicle/vehicle group. b, Cannulas placements in the accumbens core for the animals that were in the CGS 21680/muscimol contralateral injection group (modified from Paxinos and Watson, 1996, their Figs. 11–13). c, Cannula placements in the ventral pallidum for the animals that were in the CGS 21680/muscimol contralateral injection group (modified from Paxinos and Watson, 1996, their Figs. 19–21). Placements were in the posterior/lateral zone of the VP (placement target was based on Farrar et al., 2008; specific VP subregions were not targeted).