Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of the Study Population
| Baseline Characteristic | N=30 |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age, years | 58±13 |
| Female | 3 (10) |
| White | 27 (90) |
| Etiology of heart failure | |
| Ischemic | 15 (50) |
| Nonischemic | 15 (50) |
| NYHA class | |
| II | 16 (53) |
| III | 11 (37) |
| IV | 3 (10) |
| Medical and device therapy | |
| β-blocker | 29 (97) |
| ACEI or ARB | 25 (83) |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 17 (57) |
| Diuretics | 30 (100) |
| Digoxin | 22 (73) |
| Cardiac resynchronization therapy | 8 (27) |
| Pulmonary function testing | |
| FEV1, % predicted | 66±20 |
| FVC, % predicted | 74±20 |
| DLCO, % predicted | 64±19 |
Data are presented as mean±SD for continuous variables and n (%) for dichotomous variables.
NYHA indicates New York Heart Association; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; DLCO, diffusing limit for carbon monoxide.