TABLE 3.

OR for CES-D score ≥16 and plasma folate (tertiles), stratified by sex: confounding effects of dietary quality and dietary intake of folate (HANDLS Study)

	Men, n = 734				Women, n = 947
	OR	(95% CI)	P	% CIE for Loge(OR)2	OR	(95% CI)	P	% CIE for Loge(OR)2
Unadjusted model with folate
Plasma folate,1μg/L
T2 vs. T1	0.90	(0.59, 1.38)	0.643	__	0.57b	(0.41, 0.80)	0.001	__
T3 vs. T1	0.69	(0.44, 1.08)	0.103		0.53b	(0.38, 0.74)	<0.001
Adjusted model 1:
Plasma folate,1μg/L
T2 vs. T1	0.97	(0.63, 1.48)	0.876	__	0.61b	(0.43, 0.86)	0.005	__
T3 vs. T1	0.77	(0.48, 1.24)	0.282		0.60b	(0.42, 0.86)	0.006
Adjusted model 2: Model 1 + HEItotal
Plasma folate,1μg/L
T2 vs. T1	0.99	(0.64, 1.53)	0.972	−16.0%	0.64b	(0.45, 0.91)	0.012	−17.7%
T3 vs. T1	0.80	(0.50, 1.30)	0.369		0.66b	(0.46, 0.95)	0.027
+ HEI total	0.99	(0.97, 1.01)	0.265		0.98b	(0.97, 0.99)	0.007
Adjusted model 3: Model 1 + dietary folate
Plasma folate,1μg/L
T2 vs. T1	0.98	(0.63, 1.51)	0.929	−7.0%	0.63b	(0.44, 0.89)	0.009	−6.5%
T3 vs. T1	0.78	(0.48, 1.27)	0.328		0.62b	(0.43, 0.89)	0.009
+ Dietary folate, μg/d
T2 vs. T1	1.00	(0.63, 1.61)	0.982		0.73a	(0.52, 1.03)	0.071
T3 vs. T1	0.91	(0.57, 1.46)	0.701		0.86	(0.60, 1.23)	0.417

¹1 ng/mL folate = 2.266 nmol/L.

²Change in estimates of plasma exposures when dietary exposures are added into the model. Adjusted model 1 controlled for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors: age, ethnicity, marital status, education, poverty status, smoking status, illicit drug use, and BMI. Adjusted model 2 added HEI_total (Z-score) to adjusted model 1. Adjusted model 3 added dietary folate expressed as tertiles to adjusted model 1. ^aP < 0.10; ^bP < 0.05 for null hypothesis that Log_e(OR) = 0 for each stratum-specific analysis.