TABLE 2.
Plasma amino acid concentrations (in μmol/L) during fasting in pregnant and nonpregnant women1
Nonpregnant | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | P2 | |
Aspartate | 10.13 ± 2.94 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 6.10 ± 0.7434 | 8.20 ± 2.1545 | 0.004 |
Glutamate | 41.69 ± 9.04 | 34.45 ± 7.1 | 35.00 ± 12.22 | 41.50 ± 9.96 | NS |
Asparagine | 45.25 ± 10.61 | 33.15 ± 3.243 | 37.10 ± 7.30 | 37.65 ± 6.86 | 0.051 |
Serine | 133.44 ± 37.36 | 77.75 ± 14.73 | 79.10 ± 20.733 | 70.05 ± 18.673 | <0.001 |
Glutamine | 611.75 ± 99.50 | 403.5 ± 50.83 | 452.60 ± 43.683 | 443.90 ± 81.013 | <0.001 |
Glycine | 134.69 ± 96.88 | 72.15 ± 20.93 | 82.90 ± 20.39 | 77.00 ± 16.25 | 0.026 |
Histidine | 214.94 ± 110.17 | 105.9 ± 47.9 | 120.30 ± 51.42 | 121.60 ± 40.54 | NS |
Threonine | 152.19 ± 58.17 | 113.75 ± 24.8 | 174.70 ± 60.243 | 163.80 ± 45.554 | 0.032 |
Citrulline | 27.38 ± 11.05 | 14 ± 3.453 | 14.60 ± 3.363 | 16.65 ± 4.043 | 0.001 |
Alanine | 255.31 ± 65.77 | 186.4 ± 64.7 | 234.50 ± 66.86 | 219.50 ± 104.75 | NS |
Arginine | 98.88 ± 43.18 | 44.85 ± 11.2 | 44.50 ± 9.43 | 48.70 ± 13.48 | NS |
Taurine | 27.38 ± 20.59 | 15.95 ± 3.643 | 13.60 ± 3.073 | 10.95 ± 3.3334 | <0.001 |
Tyrosine | 54.56 ± 16.88 | 33.25 ± 5.43 | 33.60 ± 4.993 | 33.80 ± 5.423 | 0.003 |
Aminobutyric acid | 22.88 ± 7.26 | 16.9 ± 3.033 | 15.50 ± 3.323 | 13.05 ± 3.4034 | 0.001 |
Methionine | 31.00 ± 1.95 | 24.25 ± 4.053 | 25.20 ± 3.373 | 23.10 ± 3.923 | 0.001 |
Valine | 199.50 ± 29.02 | 173.95 ± 28.63 | 158.70 ± 34.75 | 138.95 ± 20.7034 | 0.001 |
Tryptophan | 38.19 ± 4.91 | 36.7 ± 3.80 | 32.50 ± 6.32 | 30.40 ± 4.8634 | 0.008 |
Phenylalanine | 51.00 ± 13.35 | 37.35 ± 8.04 | 42.20 ± 15.85 | 42.00 ± 8.64 | NS |
Isoleucine | 46.75 ± 13.60 | 32.7 ± 7.05 | 35.80 ± 8.20 | 39.50 ± 10.12 | NS |
Leucine | 92.38 ± 22.63 | 65.1 ± 8.64 | 68.50 ± 16.13 | 70.35 ± 14.67 | NS |
Ornithine | 41.50 ± 15.10 | 17.2 ± 5.143 | 16.10 ± 2.303 | 18.45 ± 4.883 | 0.003 |
Lysine | 151.44 ± 44.40 | 106.35 ± 20.773 | 123.80 ± 19.734 | 125.00 ± 23.734 | <0.001 |
Total | 2482.2 ± 438.7 | 1652.75 ± 119.53 | 1572.4 ± 688.03 | 1794.1 ± 282.03 | 0.002 |
All values are means ± SDs.
Obtained by using Kruskal-Wallis one-factor ANOVA.
P < 0.05 compared with nonpregnant subjects (Mann-Whitney U test).
P < 0.05 compared with first trimester subjects (Mann-Whitney U test).
P < 0.05 compared with second trimester subjects (Mann-Whitney U test).