Figure 3. TLR4 and TLR2 activation.

Triggering of TLR4 and TLR2 in transfected HEK293 cells. HEK293/TLR4/p-Nifty2-SEAP and HEK293/TLR2/p-Nifty2-SEAP cells were either untreated (none) or treated with BpWT or BpCyaA− for 16 h. Positive control (PC) for TLR4 stimulation was E. coli LPS (0.1 µg/ml) and positive control for TLR2 stimulation was Pam2CSK4 (0.1 µg/ml). SEAP activity in supernatants of cell cultures was measured. Data are reported as fold increase of SEAP activity over untreated values. Mean expression ± SE of ten independent experiments is indicated. * p<0.05 vs none; ° p<0.05 vs PC.