Table 1.

Serum Gal/GalNAc estimation by PNA/ELLA in ESCC (Upper limit of normal = 0.159 A₄₅₀)

Parameters	Group	No. Patients	Mean O.D ± S.D.
Gal/GalNAc	I Normal	50	0.071 ± 0.044
	II WDESCC	18	0.349 ± 0.131*
	MDESCC	50	0.402 ± 0.169*
	PDESCC	32	0.392 ± 0.171*
	III WDESCC	11	0.319 ± 0.142*
	MDESCC	47	0.411 ± 0.119*
	PDESCC	25	0.319 ± 0.149*

Gal/GalNAc – Galactose β-1, 3-α, N-acetyl galactosamine PNA/ELLA – Peanut Agglutinin/Enzyme Linked Lectin Assay ESCC – Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma OD – Optical Density Group I – Healthy volunteers Group II – Before therapy WDESCC – Well Differentiated Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma MDESCC – Moderately Differentiated Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma PDESCC – Poorly Differentiated Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Group III – After therapy * (P < 0.05) Significant of group II and III against group I