Table 6.
Comparison of published studies that have used genetic information with or without non-genetic risk factors to discriminate between people with and without type 2 diabetes, in case-control, cross sectional, or prospective settings
| Study | Study design | No of cases | Non-genetic risk factors | No of risk alleles studied | Other metrics of prediction reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Including Diabetes UK Warren 2 repository and people with early onset type 2 diabetes and 1958 birth cohort as controls44 | Case-control | 2406 type 2 diabetes, 3668 controls | None | 3 | None |
| DESIR37 | Prospective | 187 type 2 diabetes, 336 impaired glucose tolerance, 2732 non-type 2 diabetes | Age, sex, body mass index | 3 | None |
| DESIR plus DIAB2.NEPHRO-GENE and people with normal glucose tolerance from SU.VI.MAX38 | Case-control | 4232 type 2 diabetes, 4595 glucose tolerant | Age, sex, body mass index | 15 | None |
| Rotterdam Study39 | Prospective | 686 type 2 diabetes, 5221 non-type 2 diabetes | Age, sex, body mass index | 18 | None |
| Framingham Offspring Study35 | Prospective | 255 type 2 diabetes, 2122 non-type 2 diabetes | Age, sex, family history of type 2 diabetes, body mass index, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol | 18 | Net reclassification index |
| Mälmo Preventive Project and Botnia Study40 | Prospective | 2063 type 2 diabetes, 12 210 non-type 2 diabetes; 138 type 2 diabetes, 2632 non-type 2 diabetes | Age, sex, family history of type 2 diabetes, body mass index, blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose | 16 | Integrated discrimination improvement |
| GoDARTS41 | Case-control | 2309 cases, 2598 controls | Age, sex, body mass index | 18 | None |
| Co-Laus42 | Cross sectional | 356 type 2 diabetes, 5004 non-type 2 diabetes | Age, body mass index, family history of type 2 diabetes, waist:hip ratio, triglyceride:high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, physical activity | 15 | Integrated discrimination improvement |
| Inter99 study, ADDITION study, plus type 2 diabetes cases and people with normal glucose tolerance43 | Cross sectional | 4093 type 2 diabetes, 5302 glucose tolerant | Age, sex, body mass index | 19 | None |
See Forrest plots at www.ucl.ac.uk/genetic-epidemiology/WebMaterial.