Acute Aβ increased intracellular calcium and the release of synaptic vesicles. A, Fluo-3-associated fluorometric recordings showing increases in intracellular calcium produced by short applications of Aβ (500 nm–5 μm). Inset, concentration-dependent effects of Aβ on intracellular calcium from three independent experiments (p < 0.05). B, traces showing the rapid increase in miniature synaptic current frequency with different concentrations of Aβ. C, FM1-43 destaining under control (filled symbols) and Aβ containing solutions (open symbols). The current traces were obtained after 30 min of exposure to control and 500 nm Aβ. D, effect of different Aβ incubation times on the frequency of miniature synaptic currents. Bars are mean ± S.E. from at least six neurons (*, p < 0.05).