Expression of RARα can potentiate estrogen–ER-mediated transcription. (A) Schematic representation of the RARα mutants generated. (B) Western blot analysis of nuclear fraction of transfected cells after vehicle (V) or estrogen (E) treatment. (C) Hormone-depleted cells were transfected with control (Flag), RARα (WT), or the LBD and DBD mutants of RARα, and cells were subsequently treated with vehicle or estrogen. Real-time RT–PCR was conducted of TFF-1, XBP-1, and GREB-1 (all estrogen-regulated genes). RARβ (a RARα target gene) was included as a control gene.