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. 2010 Jan;129(1):97–104. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03154.x

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effect of exogenous tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS-3) expression in macrophages from TNF-α-deficient mice. (a) Macrophages were incubated with exogenous TNF-α (5, 10 or 15 ng/ml) and LPS (0·1 μg/ml) for 4 hr. (b) Macrophages were incubated with LPS (0·1 μg/ml), TNF-α (15 ng/ml), and TNF-α plus LPS for 2 hr. The expression of SOCS-3 protein and messenger RNA was analysed by immunoblotting (a) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (b), respectively. (a) A typical experiment of three independent experiments is shown. (b) The experimental result was normalized using the housekeeping gene β-actin. The fold increase was calculated based on the value of untreated control.