TABLE 2.
Unadjusted prevalence and point odds of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) of any severity by risk factor
| Variable | Population frequency, % | Prevalence of CNCP, % | Point OR of CNCP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All subjects | 100 | 14.1 | ||
|
Demographic factors | ||||
| Age, years | 15–24 | 13.8 | 6.8 | 0.4 |
| 25–34 | 20.4 | 8.9 | 0.5 | |
| 35–44 | 21.0 | 12.5 | 0.8 | |
| 45–54 | 15.2 | 16.0 | 1.2 | |
| 55–64 | 11.6 | 20.0 | 1.6 | |
| 65–74 | 10.6 | 20.3 | 1.7 | |
| ≥75 | 7.5 | 24.7 | 2.1 | |
| Female sex | 53.4 | 15.6 | 1.3 | |
| Male sex | 46.7 | 12.4 | 0.8 | |
| Civil status | Married | 56.4 | 13.7 | 0.9 |
| Single | 25.3 | 9.8 | 0.6 | |
| Separated | 18.1 | 21.3 | 1.9 | |
| Region of domicile | Eastern Canada | 4.8 | 13.9 | 1.0 |
| Quebec | 3.4 | 14.1 | 1.0 | |
| Ontario | 53.1 | 14.1 | 1.0 | |
| Prairies | 36.7 | 13.9 | 1.0 | |
| British Columbia | 1.9 | 16.7 | 1.2 | |
| Annual household income (for three-person households) | <$10,000 | 4.0 | 23.2 | 1.9 |
| $10,000–$19,999 | 9.4 | 22.4 | 1.9 | |
| $20,000–$39,999 | 23.5 | 15.4 | 1.1 | |
| $40,000–$79,999 | 29.8 | 11.3 | 0.7 | |
| >$80,000 | 11.9 | 9.3 | 0.6 | |
| Not stated | 21.5 | 14.0 | 1.0 | |
| Highest educational level | Less than high school | 27.8 | 18.8 | 1.7 |
| High school graduation | 17.9 | 12.2 | 0.8 | |
| Some postsecondary | 33.6 | 14.0 | 1.0 | |
| Some university | 20.7 | 9.3 | 0.6 | |
| Immigrant | 16.2 | 15.2 | 1.1 | |
| White race | 92.5 | 14.2 | 1.2 | |
|
Medical factors | ||||
| Bowel disorder | 2.0 | 44.0 | 5.0 | |
| Arthritis | 17.9 | 38.9 | 6.7 | |
| Stroke | 1.2 | 38.4 | 3.9 | |
| Ulcers | 3.0 | 36.9 | 3.8 | |
| Back problems | 16.7 | 35.9 | 5.2 | |
| COPD | 3.3 | 34.9 | 3.5 | |
| Heart disease | 5.0 | 34.5 | 3.5 | |
| Other chronic medical condition | 6.3 | 32.6 | 3.3 | |
| Sinusitis | 5.2 | 29.1 | 2.7 | |
| Diabetes | 3.7 | 29.0 | 2.6 | |
| Migraines | 8.1 | 29.0 | 2.8 | |
| Hypertension | 11.9 | 25.8 | 2.4 | |
| Dementia | 0.3 | 24.8 | 2.0 | |
| Thyroid disorder | 3.9 | 24.5 | 2.0 | |
| Food allergies | 7.2 | 23.1 | 1.9 | |
| Asthma | 7.3 | 22.1 | 1.8 | |
| Epilepsy | 0.6 | 20.5 | 1.6 | |
| Nonfood allergies | 22.1 | 18.6 | 1.5 | |
|
Mental health factors | ||||
| Depression | 5.5 | 30.2 | 2.8 | |
| CIDI-derived distress score | 0 | 38.9 | 8.4 | 0.4 |
| 1 | 13.4 | 10.8 | 0.7 | |
| 2 | 13.1 | 12.2 | 0.8 | |
| 3 | 9.4 | 15.3 | 1.1 | |
| 4 | 7.5 | 16.3 | 1.2 | |
| 5–24 | 17.7 | 26.5 | 2.8 | |
|
Lifestyle factors | ||||
| Alcohol abstainer | 14.2 | 21.6 | 1.9 | |
| Alcohol dependence | 5.1 | 13.7 | 1.0 | |
| Cigarette smoking | Never | 41.8 | 11.7 | 0.7 |
| Occasional | 8.8 | 11.2 | 0.8 | |
| Daily | 49.1 | 16.7 | 1.5 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | <20 | 5.4 | 11.9 | 0.8 |
| ≥20 and <27 | 43.9 | 11.1 | 0.6 | |
| ≥27 | 22.4 | 16.6 | 1.3 | |
| Physical inactivity | 11.1 | 24.3 | 2.2 | |
| Had activity-limiting injury in past 12 months | 10.1 | 21.2 | 1.8 | |
| Spirituality/faith important | 66.0 | 14.8 | 1.2 | |
| Not feeling loved or cared for | 3.1 | 22.9 | 1.9 | |
CIDI Composite International Diagnostic Interview; COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease