Table 4.
Modification of the PM2.5 mass association across 26 US by PM2.5 composition.
| P-value for modifier | % | 95% CI | IQR | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| Traffic | ||||||
| Br | 0.01 | 0.81 | 0.23 | 1.40 | 0.00010 | |
| Sea salt, street salt | ||||||
| Na+ | < 0.01 | 0.87 | 0.35 | 1.39 | 0.00945 | |
| Industrial combustion sources | ||||||
| Ni | < 0.01 | 0.90 | 0.46 | 1.35 | 0.00012 | |
| V | 0.05 | 0.73 | 0.01 | 1.44 | 0.00017 | |
| Soil and road dust | ||||||
| Al | 0.05 | 0.53 | 0.00 | 1.07 | 0.00193 | |
| Myocardial Infarction | ||||||
| Traffic | ||||||
| OC | 0.03 | 1.03 | 0.13 | 1.94 | 0.07060 | |
| Industrial combustion sources | ||||||
| Ni | 0.04 | 1.13 | 0.04 | 2.22 | 0.00012 | |
| As | < 0.01 | 2.35 | 0.84 | 3.85 | 0.00006 | |
| Cr | 0.05 | 1.34 | 0.00 | 2.68 | 0.00010 | |
| Sea salt, street salt | ||||||
| Na+ | 0.03 | 1.42 | 0.16 | 2.68 | 0.00945 | |
| Soil and industrial sources | ||||||
| Mn | 0.03 | 0.99 | 0.14 | 1.85 | 0.00018 | |
| Wood burning and soil | ||||||
| K | 0.05 | 1.61 | 0.01 | 3.22 | 0.00270 | |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Traffic | ||||||
| OC | < 0.01 | -2.42 | -3.79 | -1.06 | 0.07060 | |
| EC | 0.02 | -2.12 | -3.84 | -0.39 | 0.02469 | |
| Industrial combustion sources | ||||||
| As | 0.04 | 2.16 | 0.11 | 4.21 | 0.00006 | |
| SO42- | 0.01 | 2.91 | 0.92 | 4.89 | 0.11610 | |
| Congestive heart failure | ||||||
| Soil and road dust | ||||||
| Al | 0.07 | 0.77 | -0.07 | 1.61 | 0.00193 | |
| Industrial combustion sources | ||||||
| Ni | 0.07 | 0.64 | -0.04 | 1.32 | 0.00012 | |
| Respiratory disease | ||||||
| Sea salt, street salt | ||||||
| Na+ | 0.06 | 0.94 | -0.02 | 1.91 | 0.00945 | |
| Industrial combustion sources | ||||||
| Ni | 0.06 | 0.75 | -0.03 | 1.53 | 0.00012 | |
Results are expressed as % increase in cause-specific hospital admission per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for an IQR increase in the Species to PM2.5 mass proportions