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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Public Health Nutr. 2009 Jun 25;13(2):276–282. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009990590

Table 4.

Three-month risk of upper respiratory infection by fruit and vegetable intake in pregnant women (N = 1034), 1996-2002

Food Group Crude HR 95% CI Adjusted HR* 95% CI* Test for trend P
Fruits and vegetables
 1stQuartile 1.00 1.00
 2ndQuartile 0.77 0.52-1.12 0.76 0.52-1.13 0.03
 3rdQuartile 0.68 0.46-1.01 0.68 0.44-1.03
 4thQuartile 0.62 0.41-0.93 0.61 0.39-0.97
Fruits alone
 1stQuartile 1.00 1.00
 2ndQuartile 0.93 0.64-1.37 0.97 0.66-1.44 0.27
 3rdQuartile 0.71 0.47-1.07 0.76 0.49-1.17
 4thQuartile 0.77 0.52-1.15 0.84 0.53-1.33
Vegetables alone
 1stQuartile 1.00 1.00
 2ndQuartile 0.97 0.66-1.44 0.97 0.65-1.46 0.78
 3rdQuartile 0.81 0.54-1.22 0.84 0.55-1.30
 4thQuartile 0.93 0.62-1.38 0.98 0.63-1.52

HR – hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval.

*

For fruit and vegetable, adjusted for age, race and calorie; for fruit alone, adjusted for age, race, calorie and vegetable; for vegetable alone, adjusted for age, race, calorie and fruit