Table 3.
Summary of intervention details21 22 24-27 30 32 34-37
| Study | Home based intervention | Centre based intervention |
|---|---|---|
| Arthur (2002)36 | ||
| Exercise | Total duration: 6 months, 5 sessions/week, 40 min/session. Intensity: 60-70% of maximum oxygen intake. Modality: walking. Also attended 1 hour’s exercise consultation with exercise specialist at baseline and after 3 months of training and completed exercises log that was reviewed every 2 months and telephone support call every 2 weeks | Total duration: 6 months, 3 sessions/week, 40 min/session. Intensity: 60-70% of maximum oxygen intake. Modality: cycle ergometer, treadmill, track walking and stair climbing. Supervised by exercise specialist and completed exercises log, reviewed every month |
| Other | Dietary advice and psychological support | Dietary advice and psychological support |
| Bell (1998)30 Heart Manual | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 6 weeks. Frequency, duration, and intensity: NR | Overall duration and frequency: 12 weeks of 1 session/week or 4 weeks of 2 sessions/week, ≥20 min/session. Intensity: 3-4 on Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale |
| Other | Four phone calls by facilitator, health education, and stress management | Education sessions: causes of coronary heart disease, medication, risk factor modification, stress management, exercise |
| Carlson (2000)32 | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 25 weeks, 2-5 sessions/week, 30-40 min/session. Intensity: 60-85% of aerobic capacity. Modality: aerobic exercise; for first 4 weeks, 3 hospital based exercise sessions/week with electrocardiographic monitoring and then progressive reduction in frequency of centre based sessions | Overall duration: 25 weeks, 2-3 sessions/week, 30-45 min/session. Intensity: 60-85% of aerobic capacity. Modality: aerobic exercise |
| Other | Weekly educational and counselling meetings included sessions on exercise, diet, risk factors, drugs, and overcoming barriers to behaviour change. Based on Bandura’s self efficacy theory | Three sessions of education and counselling that included sessions on exercise, diet, risk factors, and drugs |
| Dalal (2007)21 Heart Manual | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 6 weeks. Frequency, duration, and intensity: NR. Modality: walking. Home visit in first week after discharge by cardiac rehabilitation nurse followed by up to 4 telephone calls at 2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks | Overall duration: 8-10 weeks, 1-5 sessions/week. Duration and modality: NR. Supervised and group based |
| Other | Stress management and education | Input from dietician, psychologist, occupational therapist and pharmacist |
| Daskapan (2007)34 | ||
| Exercise | Total duration: 12 weeks, 3 sessions/week, 45 min/session (including warm up, cool down, and recovery). Intensity: up to 60% of peak heart rate (12-16 on Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale). Modality: walking. Follow-up logs completed daily/returned biweekly. Weekly phone calls from staff to monitor adherence and progress. Monthly phone calls from patients for control purposes | Total duration: 12 weeks, 3 sessions/week, 45 min/session (including warm up, cool down, and recovery). Intensity: 60% of peak heart rate. Modality: walking on a treadmill. Supervised |
| Other | NR | NR |
| Gordon (2002)26 | ||
| Exercise | Group I (supervised home based cardiac rehabilitation): total duration: 12 weeks. Intensity: individually prescribed (30-60 min of aerobic exercise at 60-85% of peak heart rate) gradually updated; appointments: two office visits and four phone calls. Group II (community home based cardiac rehabilitation): total duration: 12 weeks, individually prescribed (30-60 minutes of aerobic exercise at 60-85% of peak heart rate), gradually updated. Appointments: 12 onsite visits or telephone calls (patient choice) | Total duration: 12 weeks, 3/sessions/week (total of 36 sessions and appointments). Intensity: individually prescribed (30-60 minutes of aerobic exercise at 60-85% of peak heart rate). Continuous electrocardiographic telemetry during exercise |
| Other | Group I and group II: written materials, audiotapes, nutrition, weight and stress management, smoking cessation programme, individual management of risk factors for coronary artery disease | Written materials, audiotapes, education on risk factors for coronary artery disease, and lifestyle modification |
| Jolly (2007)22 Heart Manual/Centre based cardiac rehabilitation (control) | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: six weeks of Heart Manual’s programme and 12 weeks of nurse support. Frequency: up to daily. Duration and intensity: NR. Modality: walking | Total duration: 6-12 weeks, 1-2 sessions/week, 25-30 min/session. Intensity: 65-75% of maximum heart rate. Modality: circuit training, cycle ergometer |
| Other | Education about risk factors, lifestyle changes, medications and stress management (relaxation tapes) | Education and stress management (relaxation) |
| Kassaian (2000)25 | ||
| Exercise | Total duration: 12 weeks. Frequency and duration: NR. Intensity: “intensity based on exercise test results” | Total duration: 12 weeks, 3 sessions/week, 20-30 min, 10 min warm up, and 10 min cool-down/session. Intensity: 60-85% (NR if relative to maximum heart rate or maximum oxygen intake). Modality: treadmill |
| Other | Patients taught to count their pulse rate | NR |
| Marchionni (2003)24 | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 1 h/session. Intensity: 70-85% of peak heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer. Physical therapist home visits every other week | Overall duration: programme of 12 weeks, 3 days/week. Duration: NR. Intensity 70-85% of peak heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer. Trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring during exercise |
| Other | Monthly family oriented support groups | Risk factor management counselling; support group meetings |
| Miller (1984)27 | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 1 h/session. Intensity: 70-85% of peak heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer. Physical therapist home visits every other week | Overall duration: 8 weeks (brief) or 23 weeks (extended), 5 sessions/week, 60 min/session. Intensity: 70-85% of maximum heart rate. Modality: walking/jogging. Group based and supervised |
| Other | Monthly family oriented support groups | No education or psychological intervention reported |
| Sparks (1993)37 | ||
| Exercise | Overall duration: 12 weeks, 3 days/week, 1 h/session. Intensity 60-75% of peak heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer. Trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring | Overall duration: 12 weeks, 3 days/week, 1 h/session. Intensity 60-75% of peak heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer. No trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring |
| Other | Education materials on diet, medications, and risks and benefits of exercise | Education materials on diet, medications, and risks and benefits of the exercise |
| Wu (2006)35 | ||
| Exercise | Total duration: 12 weeks, ≥3 sessions/week, 30-60 min + 10 min warm up + 10 min cool-down/session. Intensity: 60-85% of maximum heart rate. Modality: fast walking or jogging. Exercise documented in record book. Prescription of exercise individually given and updated every two weeks by rehabilitation nurse | Total duration: 12 weeks, 3 sessions/week (total 36 sessions), 30-60 min + 10 minute warm up + 10 minute cool-down/session. Intensity: 60-85% of maximum heart rate. Modality: cycle ergometer, treadmill. Exercise supervised by cardiopulmonary physical therapist |
| Other | NR | NR |
NR=not reported.