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. 2010 Jan;56(1):19–24.
Consider testing patients with the following conditions:

  • COPD that remains symptomatic despite bronchodilator therapy

  • emphysema

  • asthma with airflow obstruction that is not completely reversible

  • unexplained liver disease

You might also consider testing the following patients:

  • asymptomatic patients with both persistent obstruction on pulmonary function tests and risk factors for the disorder (eg, smoking)

COPD—chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Data from the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.12