Table 2.

Hazard ratios (95% CIs) for microvascular and macrovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes

Covariate adjustment	Microvascular		Macrovascular
	Minor depression	Major depression	Minor depression	Major depression
Unadjusted	1.54 (1.16–2.03)	1.48 (1.16–1.88)	1.17 (0.92–1.47)	1.20 (0.98–1.47)
Adjusted for
Any prior event*	1.49 (1.13–1.97)	1.47 (1.15–1.87)	1.09 (0.86–1.37)	1.13 (0.92–1.38)
Any prior event and demographic characteristics*†	1.48 (1.11–1.95)	1.67 (1.30–2.15)	1.11 (0.88–1.40)	1.49 (1.21–1.83)
Any prior event, demographic characteristics, and clinical characteristics*†‡	1.33 (1.00–1.76)	1.38 (1.07–1.77)	1.06 (0.83–1.33)	1.34 (1.08–1.65)
Any prior event, demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and self-care and diabetes control measures*†‡§	1.31 (0.98–1.74)	1.36 (1.05–1.76)	1.00 (0.79–1.27)	1.25 (1.00–1.54)

Hazard ratios compare individuals with minor or major depression to those without depression at baseline and are based on models that match on years of follow-back.

*Any prior microvascular or macrovascular event.

†Demographic characteristics at baseline, including age, sex, race, education, and marital status.

‡Clinical characteristics at baseline, including diabetes duration, treatment intensity, expected costs (RxRisk), and hypertension diagnosis.

§Self-care behaviors and disease control measures at baseline, including BMI, smoking, limited physical activity, and A1C.