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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 25.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2007 May;45(5 Suppl 1):S12–S21. doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000254567.79743.e2

TABLE 6.

Cognitive Interview Participants

Emotional Distress Fatigue Social Function Physical Function Pain
No. interviews 34 29 22 18 52
Total participants 33 22 21 18 44
Female, % 64 55 40 67 59
Ethnicity, %
 Hispanic 0 0 0 6 9
Race, %
 White 76 50 71 67 82
 African American 24 50 19 11 7
 Asian 0 0 0 22 7
 American Indian/Alaska Native 0 0 5 0 0
 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 2
 Multiple races 0 0 5 0 2
Age, mean (range) 42 (20–60) 63 (38–83) 66 (39–86) 70 (48–93) 46 (18–83)
Education
 % ≤8th grade 0 5 19 6 2
 % 9th–11th grade 0 27 14 6 2
 % 12th grade/GED 21 18 5 22 9
 % Some college 36 18 14 22 34
 % College degree 15 14 14 28 27
 % Advanced degree 27 18 33 17 25
Populations sampled Outpatient psychiatric Internal medicine outpatients; musculoskeletal disease registry Internal medicine outpatients; musculoskeletal disease registry Osteoarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis; aging cohort Rehabilitation
Self-rated level of severity/impairment of domain, %
 None 12 9 14 Missing data 5
 Mild 36 32 29 30
 Moderate 48 26 33 50
 Severe 3 18 24 16
WRAT-3 Reading Standard Score, mean (range) 47 (31–57) 47 (25–57) 46 (23–57) Missing data 50 (35–57)
 % <9th grade 30 24 29 7
Cognitive impairment, % 16

WRAT-3 indicates Wide Range Achievement Test 3. Only the reading subtest was used to identify approximate reading level of respondents. Cognitive impairment was caused by stroke (n = 3), traumatic brain injury (n = 3), and with brain damage secondary hypoxemia (n = 1).