Bar diagram of tau isoforms and constructs. From top to bottom: htau40 (the longest isoform in human central nervous system, 441 residues; ref. 39), htau23 (the shortest isoform, lacking the two near-N-terminal inserts and the second repeat), construct K12, K12A322, and construct K19, containing only the repeat region of tau. Numbering follows that of the longest human isoform, htau40. The position of Cys322, crucial for dimerization, is indicated.