Table 3. Best-fit models and parameters for indicator–pressure relationships generated through fishing (n = 15) and nearshore habitat pressure (n = 14) Monte Carlo simulations (n = 100 at each pressure level).
| Pressure | Best-fit function for indicator | Model parameters | Utility threshold | Indicator value [95% CI] |
| Fishing | Neg. exponential (100/100) | a0 = -0.03, a1 = 0.52, a2 = −3.15 | Shannon diversity | 0.155 [0.147,0.163] |
| Nearshore habitat | Piecewise (71/100) | Pt = 0.60, b1 = 3.13, m1 = −0.11, m2 = 0.0003 | NPP / Biomass | 3.10 [3.00,3.18] |
Indicator values corresponding to the utility thresholds for Shannon diversity and NPP/Biomass are shown for the fishing and nearshore habitat pressure simulations, respectively (also see Pt values in Table 2). Linear, negative exponential, piecewise, and parabolic models were compared using AICc. The model that was judged superior for the most Monte Carlo data sets was selected as the best-fit function and subjected to a nonparametric bootstrap procedure (n = 10,000 for each Monte Carlo data set) to determine parameter significance (bold indicates that 95% CI do not overlap zero). The value of the indicator (median ±95% CI) corresponding to the utility threshold was also derived from the Monte Carlo simulated data sets and bootstrap procedure. NPP = net primary production. See Text S1 for model and parameter definitions.