Table 1.
Characteristics of cases and controls receiving various two drug antihypertensive regimens that included a diuretic
| Controls (n=952) | Cases (n=353) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diuretics and β blockers (n=459) | Diuretics and calcium channel blockers (n=174) | Diuretics and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (n=319) | Diuretics and β blockers (n=170) | Diuretics and calcium channel blockers (n=99) | Diuretics and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (n=84) | ||
| Age (mean (SD)) | 65.9 (9.9) | 66.6 (9.4) | 64.5 (9.7) | 69.3 (8.5) | 66.1 (10.7) | 66.6 (9.5) | |
| Gender (% male) | 49.50% | 50.60% | 56.40% | 44.1% | 48.0% | 52.4% | |
| Race (n (%)) | |||||||
| Black or African American | 19 (4%) | 16 (9%) | 14 (5%) | 9 (5%) | 5 (5%) | 3 (4%) | |
| White | 415 (91%) | 152 (88%) | 282 (90%) | 151 (92%) | 89 (93%) | 75 (93%) | |
| Other | 20 (5%) | 5 (3%) | 17 (5%) | 5 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 3 (4%) | |
| Time enrolled at Group Health (years; mean (SD)) | 20.6 (12.1) | 21.2 (11.8) | 18.7 (11.9) | 22.2 (13.1) | 18.7 (12.8) | 18.3 (12.0) | |
| Duration of hypertension (years; mean (SD ) | 11.3 (8.3) | 12.9 (8.3) | 10.7 (7.8) | 12.3 (9.0) | 11.4 (8.8) | 10.1 (7.8) | |
| Treated hypertension at study entry (n (%)) | 103 (23%) | 40 (23%) | 90 (28%) | 50 (30%) | 37 (37%) | 25 (30%) | |
| BMI (mean (SD)) | 29.8 (6.4) | 30.5 (5.7) | 30.0 (6.2) | 29.1 (5.2) | 31.0 (7.4) | 29.1 (5.6) | |
| Current smoking (n (%)) | 56 (12%) | 15 (9%) | 35 (11%) | 29 (17%) | 16 (16%) | 18 (21%) | |
| Family history of myocardial infarction (n (%)) | 150 (48%) | 65 (58%) | 96 (47%) | 39 (52%) | 35 (53%) | 19 (51%) | |
| Glucose (mg/dl; mean (SD)) | 102 (20) | 107 (32) | 103 (20) | 109 (27) | 107 (35) | 105 (26) | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl; mean (SD)) | 228 (39) | 231 (47) | 226 (45) | 238 (42) | 237 (43) | 232 (47) | |
| Pretreatment systolic blood pressure (mm Hg; mean (SD)) | 163 (19) | 163 (19) | 164 (21) | 171 (26) | 171 (21) | 166 (18) | |
| Most recent systolic blood pressure (mm Hg; mean (SD)) | 140 (17) | 143 (16) | 139 (19) | 143 (20) | 147 (18) | 140 (18) | |
| Most recent diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg; mean (SD)) | 81 (10) | 82(9) | 82 (11) | 82 (11) | 85 (11) | 83 (11) | |
| Most recent systolic blood pressure ≤140 mm Hg (% achieved) | 59% | 54% | 62% | 42% | 33% | 39% | |
| Most recent systolic blood pressure ≤130 mm Hg (% achieved) | 37% | 21% | 36% | 22% | 15% | 27% | |
Percentages exclude missing data. Percentages may add up to more than 100 owing to rounding. Data were missing from less than 3% of subjects for all variables except BMI (cases: 4% for β blockers and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers), duration of hypertension (24%, 26%, and 32% for β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively), pre-treatment systolic blood pressure (controls: 24%, 26%, and 32% for β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively; cases: 31%, 41%, and 33% for β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively), family history (controls: 26%, 29%, and 23% for β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively; cases: 56%, 33%, and 56% for β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively), and total cholesterol (controls: 9% for β blockers and 10% for calcium channel blockers and angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin receptor blockers; cases: 7% for β blockers and 4% for calcium channel blockers).