Table 2.
Listed are changes in specific gene expressions
| Ratio (experimental vs. control) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gen title | Gen symbol | Peak | Trough | 12 hours | 3 hours |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A or CDKN1A | p21 | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Tumor necrosis factor | TNF alpha | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Transforming growth factor | TGF beta | nc | nc | nc | −1.5 |
| Adiponectin | Acrp30, apM1 | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Sterol regulatory element-binding protein | SREBP | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Catalase | Cat | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Nuclear factor-kappa B | NFκB | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Inhibitor of kappa B | IκB | nc | nc | nc | nc |
| Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 | igfbpi | 18.5 | 20.1 | 10.78 | nc |
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1, subfamily A4 | Aldh1a4 | 10.7 | 3.2 | nc | nc |
| Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha | PGC1a | 8.3 | nc | nc | nc |
| Prolactin receptor | Prlr | 8.2 | 11 | nc | nc |
| Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta (predicted) | Gadd45b | 7.8 | 6.8 | nc | nc |
| Kruppel-like factor | Klf2 | 7.8 | nc | nc | nc |
| Early growth response 1 | Egr1 | 7.5 | 15.2 | nc | nc |
| Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 | Cyp1a1 | 6.4 | 4 | nc | nc |
| NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 | Nqo1 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.23 | nc |
| Retinoic acid receptor, beta | RARb | 3.8 | 2.2 | nc | nc |
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1, member A1 | Aldh1a1 | 3.1 | nc | nc | nc |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Jun | 2.9 | nc | nc | |
| Jun-B oncogene | Junb | 2.8 | 5.5 | 2.23 | 2.5 |
| Kruppel-like factor 3 (basic) | Klf3 | 2.5 | nc | nc | nc |
| Fatty acid synthase | Fasn | 2.4 | nc | −3.18 | 2.1 |
| Connective tissue growth factor | Ctgf | 2.4 | nc | 2.01 | nc |
| Janus kinase 3 | Jak3 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 1.95 | nc |
| Fatty acid binding protein 5, epidermal | Fabp5 | 2.3 | 2.8 | nc | nc |
| Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type 2, alpha | Prkar2a (AMPK) | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.6 | nc |
| Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G 2 (predicted) | Ube2g2 | 2 | nc | nc | 2.5 |
| Jun D proto-oncogene | JunD | 1.9 | 1.6 | nc | nc |
| Nitric oxide synthase trafficking | Nostrin (NOS) | 1.9 | nc | nc | nc |
| Aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Ahr | 1.9 | nc | nc | nc |
| Sirtuin 3 (silent mating type information regulation 2, homolog) 3 (S. cerevisiae) (predicted) | Sirt3 | 1.9 | nc | nc | nc |
| Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 14 | Cyp4a14 | 1.7 | nc | 1.97 | nc |
| Cytochrome P450 IIA1 (hepatic steroid hydroxylase IIA1) gene | Cyp2a1 | 1.7 | nc | nc | 1.5 |
| Itchy homolog E3 ubiquitin protein ligase | Itch | 1.7 | nc | nc | nc |
| Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator, with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain, 2 | CBP/p300 | 1.7 | nc | nc | nc |
| Forkhead box O1A | Foxola | 1.7 | nc | nc | nc |
| Lactate dehydrogenase D (predicted) | Ldhd_predicted | −1.8 | −1.7 | nc | nc |
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member B1 (predicted) | Aldh1b1_predicted | −2.2 | nc | −2.6 | nc |
| Bcl2 modifying factor | Bmf | −2.6 | −2.1 | nc | nc |
| NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | −3.6 | −5.7 | nc | nc |
| Cytochrome P450, subfamily 2A, polypeptide 1 | Cyp2a2 | −4.1 | −5.3 | nc | nc |
| Carbonic anhydrase 3 | Ca3 | −4.1 | −2.8 | nc | nc |
| Cyclin D1 | Ccnd1 | −5.9 | −2.8 | −2.48 | nc |
These changes occurred with the bolus of ethanol at 3 and 12 hours, and after 1 month of chronic ethanol intragastric tube feeding at the peak and trough of the urinary alcohol level (UAL).