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Lesions of NK1R neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus blunts ventilatory response to increased PCO2. (Top) Breathing (inspiration up) in a normal rat in room air and 7% CO2. (Bottom) Breathing in a rat with significant loss of NK1R neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTNNK1R−) (Nattie & Li 2002b; E. Nattie and A. Li, unpublished data).
