Table 1.
Minority allele enrichment methods.a
| Method | Selectivity | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Moderate to high selectivity and enrichment of known mutations | ||
| ARMS | 10−1 to 10−3 | Newton et al. (3) |
| ASPCR | 10−1 to 10−3 | Wu et al. (4) |
| ASA | 10−1 to 10−3 | Okayama et al. (5) |
| PASA and PAMSA | 10−1 to 10−3 | Sommer et al. (6), Dutton and Sommer (7) |
| COP | 10−1 to 10−3 | Gibbs et al. (8) |
| E-PCR | 10−1 to 10−4 | Kahn et al. (9) |
| MAMA | 10−1 to 10−5 | Cha et al. (10) |
| MASA | 10−1 to 10−3 | Takeda et al. (11) |
| PNA-mediated PCR | 10−3 to 10−5 | Nielsen et al. (17), Dabritz et al. (20) |
| LNA-mediated WTB-PCR | 10−1 to 10−5 | Dominguez and Kolodney (18), Oldenburg et al. (19) |
| TaqMan RSM | 5 × 10−4 | Wolff and Gemmell (16) |
| TaqMAMA | 5 × 10−5 | Easterday et al. (12) |
| FLAG-PCR | 10−1 to 10−3 | Amicarelli et al. (21) |
| AIRS-RFLP | 10−3 to 10−4 | Haliassos et al. (15) |
| Very high selectivity and enrichment of known mutations | ||
| RSM-PCR | 10−3 to 10−8 | Parsons and Heflich (1), Jenkins et al. (23) |
| APRIL-ATM | 10−3 to 10−6 | Kaur et al. (24) |
| Digital PCR and RMC-PCR | 10−3 to 10−8 | Vogelstein et al. (27), Bielas and Loeb (28) |
| PAP-ASA and bi-PAP-ASA | 10−4 to 10−9 | Liu and Sommer (25), Shi et al. (26) |
| Enrichment and detection of unknown mutations | ||
| Electrophoresis (HET, SSCP, DGGE, dHPLC, CDCE) | 10−1 to 10−2 | Lichten and Fox (29), Orita et al. (30), Cariello et al. (31), Li-Sucholeiki and Thilly (32), Underhill et al. (33), Emmerson et al. (34) |
| Endo V-ligase PCR | 10−1 to 10−2 | Pincas et al. (37) |
| MutY-LM-PCRb | 10−1 to 10−2 | Zhang et al. (36) |
| sRT-MELT | 10−1 to 10−2 | Li et al. (38) |
| iFLP | 10−3 to 10−5 | Liu et al. (39) |
| COLD-PCR | 10−1 to 10−4 | Li et al. (40) |
a
Selectivity is presented as a range representing the commonly achieved and maximum selectivity of mutant detection of the approach.
b
LM, ligation-mediated; sRT-MELT, surveyor-mediated real-time melting.