Table 3.
Medial temporal lobe findings in schizophrenia. SZ = Schizophrenia; PHG = Parahippocampal Gyrus; AMYG-HIPP = Amygdala-Hippocampal Complex; PBC = Pregnancy and Birth Complications
| Author(s) | Findings |
|---|---|
| Altshuler et al., 1998 | ↓ HIPP volume in SZ, but AMYG ↑ in Bipolar Disorder |
| Barta et al., 1990 | ↓ Left AMYG (did not measure HIPP) |
| Barta et al., 1997b | ↓ Left AMYG (did not measure HIPP) |
| Becker et al., 1990 | ↓ HIPP and PHG |
| Becker et al., 1996 | ↓ HIPP |
| Blackwood et al., 1991 | Left < Right AMYG in controls, no such asymmetry noted in SZs, also asymmetry differences in PHG between groups |
| Bogerts et al., 1990 | ↓ Left Posterior HIPP; ↓ Total Left AMYG-HIPP Complex (Male FE SZ) |
| Bogerts et al., 1993b | ↓ Posterior Portion of AMYG-HIPP (20% Left; 15% Right) (Chronic SZ) |
| Brier et al., 1992 | ↓ AMYG Bilaterally; ↓ Left HIPP |
| Bryant et al., 1999 | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Buchanan et al., 1993 | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Colombo et al., 1993 | No differences in the HIPP |
| Copolov et al., 2000 | ↓ HIPP in FE SZ |
| Corey-Bloom et al., 1995 | No difference in mesial temporal lobe gray matter (included AMYG-HIPP Complex and PHG) |
| Dauphinais et al., 1990 | ↓ Right AMYG-HIPP Complex and ↓ Right PHG |
| Deicken et al., 1999 | No difference in HIPP but ↓ NAA in HIPP bilaterally |
| DeLisi et al., 1988 | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex and PHG bilaterally; trend ↓ Left AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| DeLisi et al., 1991 | No difference in AMYG-HIPP Complex or PHG |
| Egan et al., 1994 | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex, especially on the Left |
| Flaum et al., 1995 | ↓ HIPP |
| Fukuzako et al., 1996a | ↓ HIPP |
| Fukuzako et al., 1997 | ↓ HIPP |
| Gur et al., 2000a | ↓ HIPP gray matter in men and women; ↓ AMYG in men, but ↑ in women |
| Harvey et al., 1993 | No Difference AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Havermans et al., 1999 | No difference in Anterior AMYG-HIPP or in PHG |
| Hirayasu et al., 1998 | ↓ Left Posterior AMYG-HIPP in both FE schizophrenics and in FE Bipolar patients |
| Jernigan et al., 1991 | ↓ AMYG, HIPP, and PHG |
| Kawasaki et al., 1993 | ↓ Left PHG but no difference in AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Lawrie et al., 1999 | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex in FE SZ |
| Marsh et al., 1994 | ↓ Bilaterally in AMYG, HIPP, and AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Marsh et al., 1997 | No Difference HIPP |
| Marsh et al., 1999 | No Difference HIPP |
| McNeil et al., 2000 | ↓ HIPP bilaterally in patients with PBCs, and Left HIPP ↓ correlated with longer labor |
| Niemann et al., 2000 | No Difference in AMYG or in HIPP |
| Ohnuma et al., 1997 | ↓ Left HIPP and Left PHG |
| Pearlson et al., 1997b | ↓ Right AMYG and ↓ Entorhinal Cortex in SZ and ↓ Left AMYG in Bipolar patients |
| Razi et al., 1999 | ↓ PHG, particularly on the Left |
| Rossi et al., 1994a | ↓ AMYG-HIPP Complex, particularly on the Left |
| Sanfilipo et al., 2000b | No Difference in HIPP or PHG (Prefrontal GM correlated with (−) Symptoms) |
| Shenton et al., 1992 | ↓ Left Anterior portion of the AMYG-HIPP Complex, ↓ PHG bilaterally, but more on the Left |
| Staal et al., 2000 | No Difference in AMYG, HIPP, or PHG |
| Stefanis et al., 1999 | ↓ Left HIPP in SZ with severe PBCs and no family history of SZ, but not in familial cases of SZ; ↓ HIPP correlated with earlier age of onset |
| Suddath et al., 1989 | ↓ Temporal Lobe Gray matter in central sections corresponding anatomically to portions of the temporal lobe that contain the AMYG-HIPP Complex |
| Suddath et al., 1990 | ↓ HIPP |
| Swayze et al., 1992 | No Difference AMYG or HIPP |
| Velakoulis et al., 1999 | ↓ HIPP in Chronic and FE SZ; ↓ Left HIPP in both FE SZs and FE Affective Psychotic patients (↓ Right HIPP correlated with age and illness duration in Chronic SZ) |
| Whitworth et al., 1998 | ↓ Posterior portion of the AMYG-HIPP Complex in Chronic and FE SZ |
| Woodruff et al., 1997b | ↓ Left HIPP |
| Zipursky et al., 1994 | No Difference HIPP |