FIG. 3.

Overview of the proposed pathways for OLAND aggregation and granulation, including granule replication by division and budding. The biomass morphologies observed in this study are underlined. NOB are not considered due to a low dissolved oxygen level. The arrows indicate growth and/or decay based on species-specific physiology, and the labels for arrows indicate additional roles of hydrodynamic shear or the mixing regimen. A possible, unknown granulation trigger is indicated by a question mark. The pathways are described more in detail in the Discussion.